I-Gear kunye ne-Axle ye-Gear-Amacandelo oMgangatho oPhezulu wokuSebenza ngokuPhezulu
Iimpawu zeMveliso
Iigiya kunye neeshafu zegiya zizinto eziphambili kwishishini leemoto kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye nokusebenza koomatshini abahlukeneyo, kubandakanya izithuthi. Banoxanduva lokuhambisa amandla kunye nokunyakaza ukusuka kwi-injini ukuya kumavili, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iimpawu zeegiya kunye neeshafti zegiya, sicacisa ukubaluleka kwazo kunye nendlela ezinegalelo ngayo ekusebenzeni koomatshini beemoto.
Enye yezona zinto ziphawuleka kakhulu kwiigiya kukukwazi ukubonelela ngesantya kunye nokuguqulwa kwetorque. Iigiya ziyilwe ngokobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nolungelelwaniso, zivumela ukuba zigqithise ngokufanelekileyo amandla ukusuka enjini ukuya kumavili. Imilinganiselo yegiya inquma indlela amandla ahanjiswa ngayo, ukuvumela isithuthi ukuba sifezekise isantya kunye netorque. Ngokomzekelo, umlinganiselo ophezulu wegiya uya kuvelisa i-torque eninzi ngesantya esisezantsi, ngelixa umlinganiselo ophantsi wegiya uya kuqinisekisa isantya esiphezulu kunye ne-torque encinci. Oku bhetyebhetye kunikezelo lwamandla kubalulekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba, kuvumela isithuthi ukuba siziqhelanise kwaye sisebenze ngokugqibeleleyo.
Iigiya zikwanika ukuqina kunye nokomelela okubalaseleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana nentsimbi okanye i-alloys, ziqinisekisa ukuba ziyakwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu kunye noxinzelelo olwenziwa kuzo. Ukongeza, iigiya zingena kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo zokuphucula ukuqina kwazo kunye nokuchaneka kokuhambisa amandla. Olu phawu lubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukusilela okanye ukonakaliswa kwegiya, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuyilungisa, kunye nokwandisa ubomi bomzila wesithuthi.
I-Gear shafts, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-axles, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwesithuthi. Inoxanduva lokudlulisa amandla ukusuka kukwahluka ukuya kumavili, okubangela ukuba ajikeleze kwaye aqhubele phambili isithuthi. Enye yeempawu eziphambili zeshaft yegiya kukukwazi ukumelana netorque kunye nomthwalo. Kuba imelana namandla amakhulu kunye noxinzelelo, yenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide njengentsimbi ekhutshiweyo okanye ialluminiyam. Ukongeza, i-gear shaft ifumana inkqubo yonyango lobushushu ukukhulisa amandla ayo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lweeshafti zegiya kukuguquguquka kwazo. Isenokwenziwa ukuba ilingane neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, nokuba yimoto exineneyo, ilori enzima okanye isithuthi esingekho endleleni. Ubude, ubukhulu kunye nokucwangciswa kwe-shaft ye-gear zenzelwe iimfuno ezithile zesithuthi. Oku kuguquguquka kwenza abavelisi basebenzise ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kwesithuthi, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba kunye neendawo.
Isishwankathelo, iigiya kunye neeshafu zegiya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini leemoto, ukubonelela ngokuhanjiswa kwamandla okuyimfuneko kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi. Iimpawu zabo ezifana nesantya kunye nokuguqulwa kwetorque, ukuqina, amandla kunye nokuguquguquka negalelo elikhulu ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koomatshini beemoto. Ngokuqonda kunye nokusebenzisa ezi mpawu, abavelisi banokuyila kwaye bavelise izithuthi ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi. Ekugqibeleni, iigiya kunye ne-gear shafts ziya kuqhubeka ziyinxalenye yelizwe leemoto, ukuqhuba izinto ezintsha kunye nokuqhubela phambili kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwemoto.
Isicelo seMveliso
Iigiya kunye neeshafu zegiya: umqolo wokuhanjiswa koomatshini
Kwinkalo yobunjineli boomatshini, iigiya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusasazeni amandla kunye nokushukuma phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwizixhobo ezilula ezinje ngeebhayisekile ukuya koomatshini abantsonkothileyo abasetyenziswa kushishino, iigiya zisembindini wothumelo olusebenzayo noluthembekileyo ngoomatshini. I-gear shaft yenye yezinto eziphambili ezincedisa ukusebenza kwesixhobo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukubaluleka kweegiya kunye neeshafti zegiya kwiinkqubo zoomatshini, imisebenzi yazo, kunye nendlela ezisebenzisana ngayo ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle nokuchanekileyo.
Iigiya ngamalungu omatshini anamazinyo eemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obudibana kunye ukuhambisa intshukumo ejikelezayo kunye netorque. Azisetyenziswa kuphela ezimotweni kodwa nakoomatshini, izixhobo zoshishino, iiwotshi kunye nezinye izinto ezingenakubalwa. Iigiya zinokuba namanani ahlukeneyo amazinyo, nto leyo emisela umlinganiselo wegiya kwaye ichaphazela isantya kunye nemveliso yetorque yenkqubo eziyinxalenye yazo.
Ngoku, makhe singene kwi-shaft yegiya. I-asi yishafu esembindini esetyenziselwa ukujikelezisa ivili okanye igiya. Xa idityaniswe negiya, yenza i-gear shaft. Umsebenzi ophambili we-shaft yegiya kukuxhasa kunye nokulungelelanisa iigiya ezijikelezayo ngelixa uhambisa i-torque kunye nokushukuma ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Isebenza njengendawo yepivot yegiya, iqinisekisa ukujikeleza okugudileyo, okuchanekileyo kwesixhobo.
Iintsimbi zegiya zenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa iibheringi, i-shafts kunye nezindlu. Iibheringi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendibano ye-gear shaft kuba zinciphisa ukungqubana kwaye zivumela ukujikeleza okugudileyo phakathi kwe-shaft kunye nezixhobo zegiya. Izinto ze-Shaft zikhethwa ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zesicelo ezifana namandla, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokubola. Izindlu zibonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo kwaye zikhusela ii-axles kunye nezixhobo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo.
Ukuze uqonde indlela iigiya kunye neeshafti zegiya ezisebenza ngayo, makhe siqwalasele umzekelo wenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwemoto. Kwimoto, injini ivelisa amandla, ekufuneka idluliselwe ngokufanelekileyo kumavili ukuze iqhube isithuthi. Iigiya, kuqukwa nee-asi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufezekiseni olu sulelo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngaphakathi kwi-gearbox, kukho uthotho lweegiya ezineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokumiselwa kwamazinyo zixhonywe kwi-gear shafts. Njengoko i-injini ijikeleza iigiya eziqhagamshelwe kwi-shaft yokufaka, i-torque ikhutshelwa kwi-shaft ephumayo ngokusebenzisa i-meshing yeegiya zomntu ngamnye. I-shaft yegiya iqinisekisa ukuba iigiya zihlala zilungelelanisiwe kwaye zibekwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okugudileyo phakathi kweegiya.
Umlinganiselo wokuhanjiswa ophunyeziweyo ngamagiya kunye neeshafts zegiya kwinkqubo yokuhambisa imisela isantya kunye nokukhutshwa kwetorque yesithuthi. Ngokutshintsha iigiya, umqhubi unokukhetha phakathi kwemilinganiselo eyahlukahlukeneyo yegiya ukuze aphucule ukusebenza kwesithuthi, nokuba kuyafuneka amandla angaphezulu okanye isantya esiphezulu.
Ukongeza kwiimoto, iigiya kunye neeshaft zegiya zisetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi awohlukeneyo. Umzekelo, koomatshini abanzima abasetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa, iigiya kunye neeshafti zegiya zinoxanduva lokuhambisa amanqanaba aphezulu etorque ukuhambisa imithwalo enzima ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokufanayo, kwiwotshi, iigiya kunye neeshafts zegiya zilawula ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kwezandla.
Ngamafutshane, iigiya kunye neeshafu zegiya zizinto ezingenakuhlukaniswa zothumelo lomatshini. Iigiya zihambisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla kunye nokushukuma, ngelixa i-shaft yegiya ibonelela ngenkxaso, ukulungelelaniswa, kwaye isebenza njengendawo yepivot yegiya. Ukusuka koomatshini abalula ukuya kusetyenziso oluntsonkothileyo lwemizi-mveliso, iigiya kunye neeshafu zegiya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo phantse kuyo yonke inkalo yobomi bethu. Njengoko inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji iqhubeka nokubumba ilizwe lobunjineli boomatshini, iigiya kunye neeshafti zegiya ziya kuqhubeka zingumqolo weenkqubo ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zoomatshini.